Analysis by Test Item
Here's a breakdown of the analysis by test item, focusing on the specific skills assessed:
Language
Capitalization:
Students generally improve in capitalization skills across grades.
Specific challenges include 'First Word in Quotation' (Grades 3, 4, 5)
and 'Proper Adjectives' (Grade 6).
Punctuation:
Apostrophe usage, especially with possessives, is a common difficulty.
Commas in series and with conjunctions also present challenges.
Use of quotation marks, particularly with dialogue, needs improvement.
Usage:
Subject-verb agreement and pronoun case are challenging across multiple grades.
Verb formation and tense consistency are also areas needing attention.
Sentence Structure:
Sentence fragments, run-ons, and awkward constructions are persistent issues,
especially in the earlier grades.
Content and Organization:
Skills like identifying the main idea, supporting sentences, and writing
focused paragraphs show steady improvement through the grades,
but some students still struggle.
Reading
Reading Comprehension:
Literal comprehension is generally stronger than inferential comprehension.
Determining sequence, identifying the main idea, and making inferences are
more challenging.
Reading Vocabulary:
Students generally perform well in vocabulary, but some struggle with using
context clues and understanding multiple meanings of words.
Word Study Skills:
Phonics skills, including identifying vowel and consonant sounds, improve steadily.
Identifying compound words, contractions, and words with inflectional endings are
generally areas of strength.
Math
Math - Problem Solving:
Early grades (1-2) show weaknesses in basic operations, number identification,
and understanding of money and time.
Later grades (3-5) struggle with applying operations to problem-solving,
estimating reasonableness, and making predictions from data.
Math - Procedures:
Computation with whole numbers and decimals is a challenge, particularly
in multi-digit subtraction and operations with regrouping.
Fractions, decimals, and percentages are also areas of difficulty.
Other Areas
Listening:
Listening comprehension is generally a strength across the grades.
Spelling:
Students have the most difficulty with homophones.
Study Skills:
Alphabetization and using reference materials are generally areas of strength.
Note:
'L-N' refers to the difference between local and national scores.
'DEFICIT' indicates that the local score is lower than the national score.
(circa 2003) Nat=WV. Middle Schools Combined. (Experimental)
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