Pocahontas County, located in the eastern part of West Virginia, is a region rich in natural beauty, historical significance, and outdoor recreational opportunities. Established in 1821 from parts of Bath, Pendleton, and Randolph counties, Pocahontas County encompasses approximately 820 square miles of rugged and mountainous terrain[1]
. It is home to several notable geographic features a variety of mountain ranges such as the Cheat Mountains, and Yew Mountains[1]
. The county is renowned for its diverse ecosystems and is part of the Monongahela National Forest, making it a prime destination for hiking, camping, and fishing[2]
. Historically, Pocahontas County holds a significant place in American history. It was one of the early European settlements in the Greenbrier Valley, with settlers like Jacob Marlin and Stephen Sewell arriving around 1749[4]
. The county played a role in the Civil War, with local men serving as Confederate soldiers and battles occurring in the area, most notably at the Droop Mountain Battlefield[5]
. The county's historical sites, such as the Huntersville Historic District, offer visitors a glimpse into its rich past through preserved buildings and artifacts[5]
. Pocahontas County is also known for its wide array of natural attractions. Watoga State Park, the largest state park in West Virginia, offers extensive recreational activities across its 10,100 acres, including hiking, fishing, and camping[6]
. The Cranberry Glades Botanical Area, part of the Monongahela National Forest, is a unique landscape featuring a variety of plant species typically found in more northern climates, supported by its peat bog environment[7]
. Other natural attractions include the Highland Scenic Highway, Beartown State Park, and the Greenbrier Rail Trail[8]
. The county is often referred to as the "Birthplace of Rivers" due to its rich network of waterways, including the Cranberry River, Seneca Lake, Watoga Lake, and the Greenbrier River, all offering ample fishing and water-based recreational activities[9]
. These natural features, combined with the county's historical and cultural sites, make Pocahontas County a compelling destination for nature lovers, history buffs, and outdoor enthusiasts alike.
Geographic Overview
Pocahontas County, located in the state of West Virginia, was formed from parts of Bath, Pendleton, and Randolph by an act of the General Assembly passed on December 21, 1821. Initially encompassing 760 square miles, the county's area increased to 820 square miles in 1824 when 60 square miles were added from Greenbrier County[1]
. The county is characterized by its rough and mountainous terrain, with numerous longitudinal and transverse ranges that trend in multiple directions. One of the most prominent geographical features in Pocahontas County is Mount Bayard, also known as Briery Knob, which stands as the highest point in the Alleghany range, located four miles west of Hillsboro[1]
. The county's landscape is dotted with several notable mountain ranges including the Rich Mountains, Cheat Mountains, and Middle Mountains to the north; the Yew Mountains and Black Range to the west; and the Beaver Mountains, Cranberry Range, and Knob Mountains to the south, with Drop Mountain being a significant historical site due to a fierce battle fought there during the Civil War[1]
. In the center of the county lie the Brown Mountains and Buckley Peaks, offering a fascinating field for geologists. The region is rich in both stratified and unstratified rocks spanning various geological ages, with examples of flexed and tilted strata commonly observed at angles of up to 60 degrees, particularly visible along Little Buckle Creek at the western base of Beaver Lick Mountains[1]
. Pocahontas County also features the Monongahela National Forest, which provides extensive opportunities for outdoor recreation including hiking, camping, and fishing. The region's climate and diverse ecosystems support a range of flora and fauna typical of more northern environments, especially noticeable in areas like Bald Knob[2]
. Visitors to the county can enjoy the scenic beauty of the Cranberry Glades Boardwalk, Watoga State Park, and Beartown State Park, among other natural attractions[3]
.
Historical Significance
Pocahontas County, West Virginia, holds a significant place in American history due to its rich heritage and historical landmarks. The county was officially created on December 21, 1821, from portions of Bath, Randolph, and Pendleton counties by the Virginia General Assembly[4]
. The county seat was established in Huntersville, named after early settler John Bradshaw[1]
. Early European settlement in the Greenbrier Valley, where Pocahontas County is located, began around 1749 with pioneers Jacob Marlin and Stephen Sewell, who settled at what is now Marlinton[4]
. However, these early settlers faced numerous challenges, including frequent Native American attacks during the French and Indian War, which caused temporary abandonment of the area[4]
. The county has also played a role in significant historical events, such as the Civil War. Many local men served as Confederate soldiers, and the area witnessed Civil War skirmishes and battles, leaving a lasting impression on the county[5]
. Notably, the Droop Mountain Battlefield in Pocahontas County was the site of the last significant Civil War battle in West Virginia[5]
. Pocahontas County's historical importance is also reflected in its numerous historic sites and museums. These include the Huntersville Historic District, which offers a glimpse into the county's past through preserved 19th-century buildings and artifacts[5]
. The area's connection to the broader narratives of American history, from early settlement to the Civil War, makes it a place of considerable historical interest.
Natural Attractions
Watoga State Park
Watoga State Park, located in West Virginia, is a picturesque destination renowned for its diverse landscape and a range of recreational activities. The park spans over 10,100 acres, featuring rolling hills, dense forests, and meandering streams that provide a serene and peaceful atmosphere for visitors[6]
. Outdoor enthusiasts can indulge in activities such as hiking, mountain biking, fishing, swimming, boating, and picnicking[6]
. The park also offers several campgrounds, including tent and RV sites, as well as cozy cabins for a rustic camping experience[6]
.
Cranberry Glades Botanical Area
The Cranberry Glades Botanical Area is an exceptionally unique landscape within the Monongahela National Forest, encompassing around 750 acres of peat bog and meadows. These glades support plants more commonly found in northern latitudes, including cranberries, sphagnum mosses, skunk cabbages, sundews, and pitcher plants[7]
. Designated a National Natural Landmark in 1974, the glades form part of the headwaters of the Cranberry River and are adjacent to the nearly 50,000-acre Cranberry Wilderness[7]
.
Exploring Cranberry Glades
Visitors can explore the Cranberry Glades via a maintained boardwalk that circles through part of the glades, offering a short wooden walkway through two of the bogs[7]
. This boardwalk is wheelchair accessible and provides an opportunity to observe special carnivorous plants and other unique flora[12]
. The area also includes a series of trails encircling the botanical area, but visitors are prohibited from leaving these trails to protect the delicate bog environment[7]
.
Nearby Attractions
Visitors to Pocahontas County can also explore several other natural attractions. The Highland Scenic Highway offers breathtaking views and hiking opportunities as it meanders through the Monongahela National Forest[8]
. The Greenbriar Railtrail, stretching 78 miles along the Greenbriar River, is another popular destination for outdoor activities[8]
. Additionally, the nearby Beartown State Park and Droop Mountain State Park provide further opportunities for exploration and outdoor fun[8]
.
Waterways
Pocahontas County, often referred to as the "Birthplace of Rivers," is a region rich in waterways, contributing significantly to its ecological diversity and recreational opportunities.
Cranberry River
The headwaters of the Cranberry River originate from the Glades, an area renowned for its scientific interest and ecological significance. The river begins at an elevation of approximately 4,600 feet (1,400 m), meandering through the glades and receding through a narrow gap between Kennison and Black Mountains. It joins the Gauley River about 25 miles (40 km) downstream at an elevation of 1,920 feet (590 m)[9]
. The Cranberry River is a popular destination for trout fishing, drawing anglers to its pristine waters.
Seneca Lake
Located within the Seneca State Forest, Seneca Lake offers a range of water-based activities. The lake is stocked with trout in the spring and fall and also supports populations of largemouth bass and bluegill. Canoes, rowboats, and paddleboats are available for visitors, with cabin guests enjoying free access. An accessible fishing pier and restroom facilities enhance the lake's appeal. Additionally, the nearby Greenbrier River offers fishing opportunities for species such as smallmouth and rock bass[10]
. The forest itself spans 11,684 acres of mountainous terrain, providing a scenic backdrop for these activities[14]
.
Watoga Lake
Watoga Lake, an 11-acre body of water, provides ample fishing opportunities, featuring species such as trout, bluegill, largemouth bass, and channel catfish. Visitors can stroll along the trail that circles the lake, combining fishing with a scenic walk. The lake is conveniently located near the park's CCC Museum, gift shop, and office[3]
. Watoga State Park also offers 40 miles of trails for hiking and biking, with the Brooks Memorial Arboretum Trail being a notable 4.5-mile loop[3]
.
Greenbrier River
The Greenbrier River, flowing through the Monongahela National Forest, is a prominent feature of the region. It is closely followed by the Greenbrier Express train, which offers a scenic journey from the historic town of Cass to the mountain village of Durbin. The train ride showcases the natural beauty of the forested mountains and provides opportunities to spot wildlife such as deer, river otters, and various bird species[11]
. The Greenbrier River also contributes to the area's recreational appeal, with activities such as fishing, kayaking, and hiking along its banks.
Flora and Fauna
The shrub layer in the Cranberry Glades Botanical Area is notably species-rich. This diversity is attributed to the widespread presence of low- to medium-height woody plants throughout shrub swamps, forest habitats, and open glades. The dominant species in the fringes of open glades and along streams is typically speckled alder. Other common shrubs include willow, pipestem, glade St. John's-wort, great rhododendron, hobblebush, smooth arrowwood, wild raisin, ninebark, alternate-leaved dogwood, bunchberry, winterberry holly, mountain holly, swamp rose, and the Appalachian endemic longstalked holly, among others[9]
. Notably, many of these shrubs have markedly northern distributions, with bog rosemary and oblong-fruited serviceberry at their southernmost limits. Canada yew, an uncommon evergreen shrub, was historically reported as abundant in the area. Nearby Yew Creek and the broader Yew Mountains region may derive their names from this species[9]
. The Cranberry Glades also host many herbs with primarily northern distributions, including oak fern, pod grass, Canada mayflower, mountain bindweed, marsh marigold, goldthread, swamp saxifrage, white wood sorrel, northern white violet, Jacob's ladder, and buckbean. Jacob's ladder is at its southernmost location here[9]
. The grasses and sedges in the area include blue joint, drooping wood reed grass, millet grass, rattlesnake mannagrass, interior sedge, and Fraser's sedge. Wild lilies such as yellow clintonia and white hellebore, along with orchids like rose pogonia, lesser rattlesnake plantain, northern coralroot, and grass-pink orchid, which bloom in July, are also found here. Northern (or early) coralroot is probably at its southernmost location in the eastern United States[9]
. Additionally, many plants in the Glades resemble those found in the northern region of North America, being descendants of seeds that took root over 10,000 years ago before the last glacial retreat. This includes two unusual species of carnivorous plants, the purple pitcher plant and native sundew, which have evolved carnivorous habits due to the scarce root food in the spongy soil. Two very rare boreal plants, bog rosemary and buckbean, live in the Big Glade[9]
. The area also provides a habitat for many species of mosses, including sphagnum moss, bird-wheat moss, bog moss, and reindeer lichen, which form hummocks reaching up to 3 feet in height. Over these mosses grow prostrate cranberry vines that bloom pink flowers in the summer and fruit in late September[9]
. One of the notable finds in the region is the presence of forest springs and seeps that are home to the stunning large purple fringed orchids (Platanthera grandiflora), which grow along moist, steep banks. These orchids have complex and artfully sculpted inflorescences and were last collected in extreme northeastern Ohio in the early 1900s. Growing alongside them in profusion is the unusual and unique Allegheny brookfoam (Boykinia aconitifolia)[13]
.
Outdoor Activities
Pocahontas County, West Virginia, offers a variety of outdoor activities that cater to different interests and levels of adventure. The region is replete with scenic parks, historic sites, and abundant recreational opportunities, ensuring a memorable experience for visitors.
Recreational Hotspots
Pocahontas County boasts numerous recreational hotspots perfect for fishing, camping, and exploring parks. Visitors can access climate-related data such as river levels, snowpack, and weather forecasts, enhancing their outdoor experience. The area also offers 3D mapping and satellite views for a detailed and immersive exploration of favorite spots[6]
Monongahela National Forest
Monongahela National Forest features the popular boardwalk trail, which is wheelchair accessible and provides a serene walking experience. The boardwalk, made of wood, can be slippery when wet and may have some loose boards, so caution is advised. The trail begins with a sign to help identify common and unique bog plants like cranberries, sundews, and pitcher plants, making it an educational walk for nature enthusiasts[12]
.
Traditional Camping
For those who prefer traditional camping, the sites in Pocahontas County are well-shaded and provide a sense of privacy and tranquility. Each site is equipped with a picnic table and a unique stone "oven" fire pit. Basic amenities like hand-pumped water and pitted toilets are available, with pay showers at the ranger station. The area is also rich in wildlife, with frequent sightings of deer, bears, and other critters. Nearby lakes offer boat rentals and fishing opportunities, while the surrounding trails are ideal for hiking and mountain biking[16]
.
Seneca State Forest
Seneca State Forest is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, offering more than 23 miles of hiking trails that lead to various scenic outlooks. The trails accommodate activities like horseback riding and mountain biking, with the circular Thorny Creek Trail being a notable 6-mile route that immerses travelers in the peaceful sounds of Thorny Creek. The forest is particularly enchanting during the snowy winter months when trails are used for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. Additionally, Seneca State Forest has 10 off-the-grid campsites and eight furnished pioneer cabins for a more rustic camping experience[17]
Watoga State Park
Watoga State Park features a diverse array of hiking trails suitable for all skill levels. Some of the trails include the Allegheny Trail, Ann Bailey Trail, and the Bearpen Trail, among others. These trails are regularly maintained by the Watoga Foundation, ensuring they remain accessible and enjoyable for hikers year-round[19]
.
Thorny Mountain Fire Tower
One of the highlights in the region is the Thorny Mountain Fire Tower, restored and available for rent. Named one of the nation’s “10 places to embrace the wild without pitching a tent” by National Geographic, the fire tower provides a unique lodging experience with stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
Cultural and Recreational Sites
Cass Scenic Railroad State Park
Cass Scenic Railroad State Park is a heritage railroad and state park located in Cass, Pocahontas County. The park includes an 11-mile long heritage railway operated by the Durbin and Greenbrier Valley Railroad and the former company town of Cass[20]
. Established by the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company in 1901, Cass was built to serve the needs of lumber workers in the nearby mountains[21]
. The Cass Scenic Railroad offers excursion rides on historic logging railroad lines, featuring restored Shay and Heisler locomotives that take tourists up steep grades[22]
. The park and its railroad were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974[22]
.
Harpers Ferry National Historical Park
Harpers Ferry National Historical Park offers a combination of historical and recreational activities. Visitors can engage in fishing, boating, whitewater rafting, and hiking, with the Appalachian Trail running through the park[15]
. The park is adjacent to the Harpers Ferry Historic District and includes notable National Register of Historic Places locations like St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church and the B & O Railroad Potomac River Crossing[15]
. Additionally, the remains of Storer College, one of the first integrated schools in the U.S., are located within the park and are managed by the National Park Service[15]
.
Monongahela National Forest
Monongahela National Forest provides various amenities for nature enthusiasts, including several campgrounds and cabins. The Cranberry Campground, a semi-primitive campground near the Cranberry Glades boardwalk, offers sites on a first-come, first-served basis starting at $5 per night[12]
. Watoga State Park features two campgrounds with non-electric and electric sites, as well as cabin rentals[12]
. Recreational activities in the forest include hiking, mountain biking, and wildlife watching, with opportunities to encounter deer, bears, and other wildlife[16]
. The boardwalk in the forest is a popular, wheelchair-accessible trail that features unique plants like cranberries, sundews, and pitcher plants[12]
.
Nearby Attractions
Other attractions near Cass Scenic Railroad State Park include the Falls of Hills Creek, Watoga State Park, Snowshoe Ski Area, Beartown State Park, and the Greenbrier River Trail[23]
. These sites provide additional recreational opportunities such as hiking, skiing, and exploring natural landscapes. The Cranberry Glades Botanical Area and Droop Mountain Battlefield State Park are also nearby, offering more avenues for historical exploration and outdoor activities[23]
.
Seasonal Events and Festivals
Pocahontas County, West Virginia, hosts a variety of seasonal events and festivals that attract visitors throughout the year. These events celebrate the county's rich cultural heritage, natural beauty, and historical significance.
Pioneer Days
Pioneer Days, held annually in Marlinton, is one of the county's most popular events. Originating in 1967 under the leadership of Johnnie B. Hill and Robert Jacobson, Pioneer Days quickly grew in popularity and was eventually handed over to a community organization[24]
. The three-day festival features a range of activities, including historical reenactments, craft demonstrations, parades, and live music. Now in its 45th year, Pioneer Days continues to draw large crowds who are eager to experience the traditions of early American settlers[24]
.
Cass Scenic Railroad Parade of Steam
The Cass Scenic Railroad Parade of Steam is another beloved event in Pocahontas County. Scheduled for June 15th, 2024, this event is perfect for families and train enthusiasts. Attendees can view a variety of operable steam locomotives as they move down the rails from the Cass parking lot[25]
. The parade begins at 10:00 am and lasts for about an hour, followed by special excursions along the Greenbrier Line at 1 pm and 3 pm, with tickets priced at $35 for those aged 4 and above[25]
. Additionally, the Rail & Trail Store located inside the Cass Depot offers souvenirs and Parade of Steam merchandise throughout the day[25]
.
Seasonal Nature Tours
Pocahontas County also offers seasonal nature tours, which are particularly popular during the spring and summer months. These tours are designed for nature enthusiasts of all levels, from serious botanists to casual visitors. Participants have the opportunity to observe a variety of native plants, including pitcher plants, cranberries, wild raisin, elderberry, and partridge berry, among others[26]
[12]
. The tours also provide chances to spot local wildlife such as birds, snakes, and butterflies[26]
. The Cranberry Glades Boardwalk is a notable location for these tours, offering visitors a chance to explore the area's unique flora and fauna[12]
. These events and festivals not only offer entertainment and education but also serve to preserve and promote the cultural and natural heritage of Pocahontas County.
Visitor Information
Pocahontas County Historical Society Museum
The Pocahontas County Historical Society Museum, located at the historic Frank and Anna Hunter House on U.S. Route 219 in Marlinton, West Virginia, offers visitors a rich glimpse into the county's past. Opened on June 5, 1963, during West Virginia's Centennial Year, the museum was dedicated in the presence of notable individuals such as author Pearl S. Buck and Governor W. W. Barron. The property was acquired from Mrs. Anna V. Hunter in 1962 and subsequently restored for use as a museum[27]
. Visitors can explore a variety of mementoes and artifacts spanning from Native American times to the present day, including tools, spinning wheels, looms, logging, and railroad items. The museum also features engaging displays like doll collections and music boxes that are particularly delightful for younger visitors[27]
. The grounds house the Kee Cabin, a two-story hand-hewn log cabin built in the 1830s, where the Kee family once raised eight children until the 1840s[27]
. Regular programs of historical interest are hosted by the Historical Society, featuring book readings, demonstrations, oral history presentations, and field trips. These events aim to share and preserve the community's historical knowledge[27]
. Admission fees for the museum are $5 for adults, $3 for children, and $15 for families. Children from Pocahontas County accompanied by an adult can visit for free[27]
.
Preserving Pocahontas
Preserving Pocahontas is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization dedicated to the digital archiving of historical documents and memorabilia from the county. The organization employs Dublin Core Metadata, a searchable database used internationally by archivists, to ensure that all archived materials are easily retrievable by date, name, and location[28]
. The collaboration with West Virginia University (WVU) allows for efficient digitization and sharing of records, with materials also being accessible through WVU’s systems[28]
. Preserving Pocahontas offers online access to a vast array of historical documents, images, and collections, with high-resolution images available for a fee. This digital archive supports local organizations and individuals by providing valuable historical resources for various projects and research[28]
.
Seneca State Forest and Watoga State Park Cabins
Seneca State Forest and Watoga State Park offer a unique and rustic cabin experience for visitors. Seneca State Forest features primitive cabins reminiscent of those described in Laura Ingalls Wilder’s stories, providing an escape from modern amenities such as electricity and running water. Visitors can enjoy simple campfire cooking and a peaceful, unplugged environment[29]
. The cabins are fully furnished and include essentials such as firewood, cookware, and linens[29]
. The campground also features secluded sites with picnic tables, fire pits, and a centrally located hand-pumped well for drinking water[10]
. In contrast, Watoga State Park's standard cabins offer a more modern stay with electric lighting, kitchen appliances, and bathrooms equipped with showers. These cabins are fully outfitted for housekeeping and are available year-round, with standard cabins open from late April to October[30]
No comments:
Post a Comment