CSO Expansion

 West Virginia K-12 Content Standards: Expanded Details

English Language Arts

    Grade 4: Analyze complex texts, write persuasive essays, and use grammar and punctuation effectively.
        Analyze complex texts, including literary texts, informational texts, and historical documents.
        Write persuasive essays that present arguments and counterarguments effectively.
        Use grammar and punctuation correctly, including subject-verb agreement, pronoun-antecedent agreement, and correct use of commas, semicolons, and colons.
    Grade 5: Compare and contrast texts, write informative essays, and understand literary devices.
        Compare and contrast texts from different genres and perspectives.
        Write informative essays that clearly present information and use evidence to support claims.
        Understand literary devices such as simile, metaphor, personification, and alliteration.
    Grade 6: Analyze complex texts, write argumentative essays, and use vocabulary and grammar effectively.
        Analyze complex texts, including poetry, drama, and nonfiction.
        Write argumentative essays that present arguments and counterarguments effectively, using evidence to support claims.
        Use vocabulary and grammar effectively, including the use of complex sentence structures and correct use of verb tenses.
    Grade 7: Analyze complex texts, write research papers, and understand literary elements.
        Analyze complex texts, including historical documents, scientific articles, and literary texts.
        Write research papers that effectively present information and cite sources correctly.
        Understand literary elements such as plot, character, setting, theme, and point of view.
    Grade 8: Analyze complex texts, write argumentative essays, and understand literary genres.
        Analyze complex texts, including poetry, drama, and nonfiction.
        Write argumentative essays that present arguments and counterarguments effectively, using evidence to support claims.
        Understand literary genres such as fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and drama.
    High School: Analyze complex texts, write argumentative and persuasive essays, and understand literary theory.
        Analyze complex texts, including primary and secondary sources, and understand literary theory, such as literary criticism and literary movements.
        Write argumentative and persuasive essays that present arguments and counterarguments effectively, using evidence to support claims.
        Understand literary theory, including concepts such as symbolism, irony, and theme.

Mathematics (Continued)

    Grade 4: Multiply and divide multi-digit numbers, solve equations with variables, and understand geometric shapes.
        Multiply and divide multi-digit numbers fluently.
        Solve equations with variables, including one-step equations and two-step equations.
        Understand geometric shapes, including quadrilaterals, triangles, and circles.
    Grade 5: Multiply and divide decimals, solve equations with variables, and understand fractions and decimals.
        Multiply and divide decimals to the hundredths place.
        Solve equations with variables, including multi-step equations.
        Understand fractions and decimals, including equivalent fractions, comparing and ordering fractions, and adding and subtracting fractions.
    Grade 6: Solve equations with variables, understand ratios and proportions, and understand geometric shapes.
        Solve equations with variables, including multi-step equations with rational numbers.
        Understand ratios and proportions, including finding missing values in proportions and solving real-world problems involving ratios and proportions.
        Understand geometric shapes, including parallelograms, trapezoids, and rhombuses.
    Grade 7: Solve equations with variables, understand ratios and proportions, and understand the coordinate plane.
        Solve equations with variables, including multi-step equations with rational numbers.
        Understand ratios and proportions, including finding missing values in proportions and solving real-world problems involving ratios and proportions.
        Understand the coordinate plane, including plotting points, finding the distance between points, and graphing lines.
    Grade 8: Solve equations with variables, understand ratios and proportions, and understand functions.
        Solve equations with variables, including multi-step equations with rational numbers.
        Understand ratios and proportions, including finding missing values in proportions and solving real-world problems involving ratios and proportions.
        Understand functions, including linear functions, quadratic functions, and exponential functions.
    High School: Solve equations with variables, understand functions, and understand trigonometry and calculus.
        Solve equations with variables, including polynomials and rational equations.
        Understand functions, including trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, and calculus concepts.
        Understand trigonometry, including the trigonometric ratios, the unit circle, and the laws of sines and cosines.

Science (Continued)

    Grade 4: Study ecosystems, energy transfer, and the properties of matter.
        Study ecosystems, including food chains, food webs, and energy flow.
        Study energy transfer, including potential energy, kinetic energy, and the law of conservation of energy.
        Study the properties of matter, including mass, volume, density, and states of matter.
    Grade 5: Study the human body, the solar system, and the properties of matter.
        Study the human body, including the major organs and their functions.
        Study the solar system, including the planets, the sun, and the moon.
        Study the properties of matter, including atoms, molecules, and elements.
    Grade 6: Study cells, heredity, and the Earth's systems.
        Study cells, including cell structure, cell functions, and cell division.
        Study heredity, including DNA, genes, and genetic traits.
        Study the Earth's systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.
    Grade 7: Study the Earth's history, the water cycle, and the properties of matter.
        Study the Earth's history, including the geological time scale and the formation of the Earth.
        Study the water cycle, including evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
        Study the properties of matter, including chemical reactions and the periodic table.
    Grade 8: Study energy, waves, and the properties of matter.
        Study energy, including electricity, magnetism, and thermal energy.
        Study waves, including sound waves, light waves, and electromagnetic waves.
        Study the properties of matter, including atoms, molecules, and elements.
    High School: Study biology, chemistry, physics, and Earth science.
        Study biology, including genetics, ecology, and physiology.
        Study chemistry, including atomic structure, chemical reactions, and organic chemistry.
        Study physics, including mechanics, electricity and magnetism, and waves.
        Study Earth science, including geology, meteorology, and oceanography.

Social Studies (Continued)

    Grade 4: Study the American Civil War, the Industrial Revolution, and the westward expansion.
        Study the American Civil War, including the causes, events, and consequences of the war.
        Study the Industrial Revolution, including the major inventions and their impact on society.
        Study the westward expansion, including the challenges faced by settlers and the impact of westward expansion on Native American tribes.
    Grade 5: Study the American Civil Rights Movement, the Cold War, and the modern United States.
        Study the American Civil Rights Movement, including the key figures, events, and achievements of the movement.
        Study the Cold War, including the causes, events, and consequences of the Cold War.
        Study the modern United States, including current events, political issues, and economic trends.
    Grade 6: Study world history, ancient civilizations, and the Middle Ages.
        Study ancient civilizations, including Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome.
        Study the Middle Ages, including the feudal system, the Crusades, and the Renaissance.
        Study world history, including the major events and developments of the world from ancient times to the present day.
    Grade 7: Study world history, the Renaissance, and the Age of Exploration.
        Study the Renaissance, including the major artists, thinkers, and inventions of the Renaissance.
        Study the Age of Exploration, including the voyages of European explorers and the colonization of the Americas.
        Study world history, including the major events and developments of the world from ancient times to the present day.
    Grade 8: Study world history, the Enlightenment, and the French Revolution.
        Study the Enlightenment, including the major philosophers, thinkers, and ideas of the Enlightenment.
        Study the French Revolution, including the causes, events, and consequences of the French Revolution.
        Study world history, including the major events and developments of the world from ancient times to the present day.
    High School: Study world history, government, economics, and geography.
        Study world history, including the major events and developments of the world from ancient times to the present day.
        Study government, including the different types of governments, the principles of democracy, and the role of citizens in a democracy.
        Study economics, including supply and demand, economic systems, and economic indicators.
        Study geography, including the physical features of the Earth, the distribution of population, and the major economic and political regions of the world.

Fine Arts (Continued)

    High School: Explore advanced techniques in visual arts, music, and theater.
        Explore advanced techniques in visual arts, such as painting, drawing, sculpture, and printmaking.
        Explore advanced techniques in music, such as

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West Virginia K-12 Content Standards: Expanded Details (Continued)

Fine Arts (Continued)

    High School: Explore advanced techniques in visual arts, music, and theater.
        Explore advanced techniques in visual arts, such as painting, drawing, sculpture, printmaking, and digital art.
        Explore advanced techniques in music, such as composition, performance, and music theory.
        Explore advanced techniques in theater, such as acting, directing, stage design, and playwriting.
    High School: Create original artwork, compose music, and write scripts.
        Create original artwork in various mediums, such as painting, drawing, sculpture, and printmaking.
        Compose original music in different styles and genres.
        Write original scripts for plays, musicals, or films.
    High School: Understand the history and theory of art, music, and theater.
        Understand the history of art, including the major art movements and artists throughout history.
        Understand the theory of art, including the elements of art, the principles of design, and art criticism.
        Understand the history of music, including the major composers, genres, and musical periods.
        Understand the theory of music, including music notation, scales, chords, and musical form.
        Understand the history of theater, including the major playwrights, theatrical styles, and theatrical techniques.
        Understand the theory of theater, including the elements of drama, the principles of stagecraft, and theatrical criticism.

Note: These are just general outlines of the content standards. The specific standards for each grade level may vary slightly. For the most accurate and up-to-date information, please refer to the official West Virginia Department of Education website.